Privacy sul web, si muove anche l'amministrazione Obama

In un periodo in cui l'attenzione alla privacy degli utenti della rete si fa più viva che mai, anche sull'onda delle recenti polemiche riguardanti l'aggiramento delle impostazioni di Safari ed Internet Explorer da parte di Google, l'amministrazione Obama ha annunciato l'avvio di un iter legislativo a cui lavorare assieme al Congresso USA per la definizione della Consumer Privacy Bill of Rights allo scopo di codificare quali diritti abbiano gli utenti sul controllo delle proprie informazioni personali.

L'obiettivo della nuova carta dei diritti è di fornire all'utente della rete il diritto di controllare quali siano i dati personali raccolti, come questi vengano utilizzati e in che misura condivisi, di evitare la raccolta di informazioni in determinati contesti e il loro uso per scopi diversi, di avere la garanzia che i dati vengano conservati con sicurezza e di conoscere chi sia il responsabile nel caso di uso improprio dei dati personali. Si tratta di principi che si applicano, come detto, ai dati personali e cioè a tuti quelle informazioni che possono essere collegate in maniera specifica ad un singolo individuo.

Parallelamente il dipartimento delle telecomunicazioni avvierà un tavolo di lavoro con le web company e con i rappresentanti dei consumatori allo scopo di realizzare un codice di condotta che aderisca alla nuova legge. Alle compagnie sarà lasciata comunque l'adeguata flessibilità per proseguire sulla strada dell'innovazione. Nel processo di definizione del codice di condotta verrà dato ampio spazio a tutte le parti interessate. Il Consumer Privacy Bill of Rights è nei cantieri dell'amministrazione Obama da circa due anni, fitti di consultazioni con le realtà del settore, esperti in materia di privacy ed esponenti accademici.

Di seguito riportiamo integralmente i dettagli del Consumer Privacy Bill of Rights:

"INDIVIDUAL CONTROL: Consumers have a right to exercise control over what personal data companies collect from them and how they use it. Companies should provide consumers appropriate control over the personal data that consumers share with others and over how companies collect, use, or disclose personal data. Companies should enable these choices by providing consumers with easily used and accessible mechanisms that reflect the scale, scope, and sensitivity of the personal data that they collect, use, or disclose, as well as the sensitivity of the uses they make of personal data. Companies should offer consumers clear and simple choices, presented at times and in ways that enable consumers to make meaningful decisions about personal data collection, use, and disclosure. Companies should offer consumers means to withdraw or limit consent that are as accessible and easily used as the methods for granting consent in the first place.

TRANSPARENCY: Consumers have a right to easily understandable and accessible information about privacy and security practices. At times and in places that are most useful to enabling consumers to gain a meaningful understanding of privacy risks and the ability to exercise Individual Control, companies should provide clear descriptions of what personal data they collect, why they need the data, how they will use it, when they will delete the data or de-identify it from consumers, and whether and for what purposes they may share personal data with third parties.

RESPECT FOR CONTEXT: Consumers have a right to expect that companies will collect, use, and disclose personal data in ways that are consistent with the context in which consumers provide the data. Companies should limit their use and disclosure of personal data to those purposes that are consistent with both the relationship that they have with consumers and the context in which consumers originally disclosed the data, unless required by law to do otherwise. If companies will use or disclose personal data for other purposes, they should provide heightened Transparency and Individual Control by disclosing these other purposes in a manner that is prominent and easily actionable by consumers at the time of data collection. If, subsequent to collection, companies decide to use or disclose personal data for purposes that are inconsistent with the context in which the data was disclosed, they must provide heightened measures of Transparency and Individual Choice. Finally, the age and familiarity with technology of consumers who engage with a company are important elements of context. Companies should fulfill the obligations under this principle in ways that are appropriate for the age and sophistication of consumers. In particular, the principles in the Consumer Privacy Bill of Rights may require greater protections for personal data obtained from children and teenagers than for adults.

SECURITY: Consumers have a right to secure and responsible handling of personal data. Companies should assess the privacy and security risks associated with their personal data practices and maintain reasonable safeguards to control risks such as loss; unauthorized access, use, destruction, or modification; and improper disclosure.

ACCESS AND ACCURACY: Consumers have a right to access and correct personal data in usable formats, in a manner that is appropriate to the sensitivity of the data and the risk of adverse consequences to consumers if the data is inaccurate. Companies should use reasonable measures to ensure they maintain accurate personal data. Companies also should provide consumers with reasonable access to personal data that they collect or maintain about them, as well as the appropriate means and opportunity to correct inaccurate data or request its deletion or use limitation. Companies that handle personal data should construe this principle in a manner consistent with freedom of expression and freedom of the press. In determining what measures they may use to maintain accuracy and to provide access, correction, deletion, or suppression capabilities to consumers, companies may also consider the scale, scope, and sensitivity of the personal data that they collect or maintain and the likelihood that its use may expose consumers to financial, physical, or other material harm.

FOCUSED COLLECTION: Consumers have a right to reasonable limits on the personal data that companies collect and retain. Companies should collect only as much personal data as they need to accomplish purposes specified under the Respect for Context principle. Companies should securely dispose of or de-identify personal data once they no longer need it, unless they are under a legal obligation to do otherwise.

ACCOUNTABILITY: Consumers have a right to have personal data handled by companies with appropriate measures in place to assure they adhere to the Consumer Privacy Bill of Rights. Companies should be accountable to enforcement authorities and consumers for adhering to these principles. Companies also should hold employees responsible for adhering to these principles. To achieve this end, companies should train their employees as appropriate to handle personal data consistently with these principles and regularly evaluate their performance in this regard. Where appropriate, companies should conduct full audits. Companies that disclose personal data to third parties should at a minimum ensure that the recipients are under enforceable contractual obligations to adhere to these principles, unless they are required by law to do otherwise"

E' partendo da questi principi che un nutrito gruppo di realtà del web, tra cui Google e Microsoft, andranno ad inserire nei propri browser una esplicita funzionalità "No Track" per consentire all'utente di disattivare qualsivoglia tecnologia di tracciamento delle proprie abitudini. Ne abbiamo parlato approfonditamente in questa notizia.